266-268 William St Northbridge

266-268 William Street was designed as commercial premises by architects Oldham & Cox for John Joseph Holmes in 1906. It would, almost certainly, originally have had a two-storey verandah and is in a simplified Georgian Revival style.

Holmes was born in Mandurah in 1866, and with his brothers launched the well-known butchers firm of Holmes Bros. and Co., opening branches in Fremantle, Perth and on the goldfields. The firm was one of the first to introduce fresh meat at Coolgardie. In 1897 he was elected representative for East Fremantle in the Legislative Assembly.

The architect of the places, Charles Oldham, had arrived in Western Australia in the mid-1890s, during the gold boom. Born and educated in Victoria, he practised in Perth with Herbert Eales from 1896, and then in an individual practice until he formed a partnership with A. E. Cox in 1905. Oldham designed many notable buildings in the state, including Fremantle Markets, Perpetual Trustees Building in St. Georges Terrace, and the Geraldton Town Hall.

The current form of the historic Wellington and William Street precinct was established in the last two decades of the 19th century. The first two buildings were the Globe and Royal hotels. In 1892, the Silver Pan Confectionery Company built a shop and factory which was taken over by Frederick Vosper as the printing works for his Sunday Times in 1897.

A set of shops (now demolished) was constructed on the corner of William and Wellington streets for Wesley Maley in 1897. In the 1880s and 1890s, the land along William Street to the corner of Murray Street was occupied by a series of single-storey shops. The only building from this period remaining on this section is the two-storey Commercial Building, 132 William Street, which was constructed c. 1899 for Harriett Mitchell.

Between 1895 and 1900, Sir George Shenton replaced all the earlier buildings (shops and residences) between Murray and Hay streets with retail and commercial premises. On the southern section to the corner of Hay Street were G. & E. C. Shenton & Co.’s shops and warehouse. A series of shops with office tenancies above were constructed along the remainder of William Street and around the corner into Murray Street.

Long term tenants of 98-98 Wellington Street were drapers and clothiers, Cox Brothers. On the opposite side of the road, the large retail and commercial complex known as Queen’s Buildings was built c. 1899, a site previously occupied by smaller shops. Over Hay Street was the double storey Gordon’s Café and Hotel, which would later be adapted into the Wentworth Hotel in 1925.

Wellington Buildings, on the corner of William and Wellington Streets, was built for Harry Higham in 1910. Designed by Oldham and Cox, the three-storey retail and commercial building followed the streetscape detailing established by the buildings constructed pre-1900 and replaced a series of shops built on the site in 1897.

As in the wider metropolitan area and throughout the state, world and local events impacted on the development of the Perth central area between the two World Wars. The Great Depression of the late 1920s and early 1930s had a tremendous impact on the growth of the state’s economy following World War I, which resulted mainly from the expansion of the agricultural industry. In turn, the slow recovery from the Depression was halted by the outbreak of World War II in 1939.

Although building activity during this period was generally quiet, several new structures were constructed in central Perth. Their Art Deco architecture reflected the phases outlined above and the culture of the time. A small area in William Street underwent rebuilding during this period. Maclaren’s Chambers and Barkers Buildings on the eastern side of William Street between Wellington and Murray Streets were built for members of the Mitchell family in 1925. Both buildings replaced a series of four single storey shops that had been built in the 1890s.

On the opposite side of William Street on the corner of Hay Street, the Wentworth Hotel replaced the earlier Gordon’s Café & Hotel. A photograph dated c. 1940 shows that buildings on Wellington Street had single-storey canopies at first floor level, except for Baird’s Building at 493 Wellington Street, the adjacent Globe Hotel and the Royal Hotel, which all had double storey verandahs. By this time, the forecourt of Perth Railway Station was bituminised and there were groupings of palm trees down the centre of Wellington Street.

Photographs of William Street looking towards the Swan River from the same time show single storey canopies to all the buildings along both sides of the street within the study area. The only exception was Wellington Buildings, which had a single storey verandah over the footpath, which complemented the double storey verandah of the Royal Hotel opposite.

Western Mail 4 November 1905

West Australian 29 September 1906